Journal article - Biochemical causes of pain

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This is the first of three part series that looks at the role of inflammation in possibly maintaing pain. The first paper is attached.

Abstract
We are proposing a unifying theory or law of pain, which states: The origin of all pain is inflammation and the inflammatory response. The biochemical mediators of inflammation include cytokines, neuropeptides, growth factors and neurotransmitters. Irrespective of the type of pain whether it is acute or chronic pain, peripheral or central pain, nociceptive or neuropathic pain, the underlying origin is inflammation and the inflammatory response. Activation of pain receptors, transmission
and modulation of pain signals, neuro plasticity and central sensitization are all one continuum of inflammation and the inflammatory response. Irrespective of the characteristic of the pain, whether it is sharp, dull, aching, burning, stabbing, numbing or tingling, all pain arise from inflammation and the inflammatory response. We are proposing a re-classification and treatment of pain syndromes based upon their inflammatory profile. Treatment of pain syndromes should be based on these
principles:

1. Determination of the inflammatory profile of the pain syndrome
2. Inhibition or suppression of production of the appropriate inflammatory mediators e.g. with
inflammatory mediator blockers or surgical intervention where appropriate
3. Inhibition or suppression of neuronal afferent and efferent (motor) transmission e.g. with
anti-seizure drugs or local anesthetic blocks
4. Modulation of neuronal transmission e.g. with opioid medication
At the L.A. Pain Clinic, we have successfully treated a variety of pain syndromes by utilizing these
principles. This theory of the biochemical origin of pain is compatible with, inclusive of, and unifies
existing theories and knowledge of the mechanism of pain including the gate control theory, and
theories of pre-emptive analgesia, windup and central sensitization.